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These are delicious implications to pursue. But I'll suggest the American pharmacy industry as the Simic for now instead .

Dimir are also librarians and mailmen. This seems to get overlooked a lot.

Rakdos are entertainment

Simic is heavily medical. 

Dimir controls the traffic of information. I connected it to Anon because they dont use physical force as power they use information and the control of it. What everyone hides they find out. They are secretive (as their is no just one person leading or controlling the whole thing. If their was no one whould know)


I dont believe selesnya would be the church. The church is much more tyranical. Selesnya isnt that devious, but they are snobby.

The church has tons of money, it stores and controls. Have killed people for money, for their beliefs, for their lies. It involves after death (hypothetical heavan and hell as it were, angels and demons (white and black).      


Some of the guilds in modern day my not make as a big an impact as they do in ravnica. Like i said i know their jobs in ravnica (favorite block of all time). But their a sly conections to our modern day.


Of course in real life the intereactions between the guilds would be a little more involved with each other. Azorious (Government) having those who previous belonged or have connection to Dimir (Anon). Which would be seen as the secret service ( ). Which would have a similair connection to things like Templars (of the same connection as it is the churchs secret service)


Maybe Selesnya would be seen as upper class and Golgari as lower class. Middle would probably be amalgamtion as you can go up and down just enough to fall into one or the other ( )  

The Dimir are a shadowy cabal with the goal of complete domination of the plane on which they reside.

Anonymous does things for the lulz. 

I'm going to ignore guild politics because we all know that all the guilds are bastards.

Officially:

The Azorius are the political system on Ravnica. Courts, Senates, etc. They also control the police force.

The Selesnya are architects and dedicate themselves the beautification of Ravnica. So they're in charge of things like parks and gardens, and their respective maintenance and protection.

The Izzet control the infrastructure. Buildings, plumping, power, etc. They also do comission work for other guilds, such as building weapons systems for the Boros.

The Golgari are Ravnica's waste management. Sewers are their thing, as is removing of corpses. They also handle most of Ravnica's agriculture.

The Rakdos are Ravnica's manual labor. They handle the building of things and the mining of resources. They also hold claim over much of Ravnica's entertainment. Gambling halls, strip clubs, arenas, snuff clubs, what have you. Also, if you need someone assassinated, and don't care who knows, they'll do it for cheap because its fun.

The Boros are Ravnica's police force (the Azorius' police seem more akin to the FBI) and PMCs.

The Gruul are pretty damned disenfranchised. Officially, they're responsible for maintaining Ravnica's non-urbanized locales, but most of that has been taken over by the other green guilds.

The Simic are Ravnica's doctors and medical researchers. Under Zegana's leadership, they've also reclaimed their old role as preservers of Ravnican wildlife; engineering species to be more suited to Ravnican life and reintroducing species (often at the expense of the local residents).

The Orzhov are Ravnica's economy. Stock markets, banks, that sort of thing. If you need a loan, they're who you head to. They also act as lawyers.

The Dimir are stewards of knowledge. So they act as couriers and librarians. This also gives them expertise in espionage and the black market. If you want someone killed, but want more subtlety than the Rakdos, they're who to ask.